Dr. Remy Allard (Associate Researcher UPMC)

Vision Institute
Aging in Vision and Action Lab
CNRS – INSERM – University Pierre&Marie Curie
17, rue Moreau F-75012 Paris, France
Phone: +33 (0)1 53 46 26 56

email:

Research interests

Motion perception. Despite more than 3 decades of research, there is no consensus on the existence of the motion systems enabling motion perception. It is well accepted that there are at least two qualitatively distinct motion systems: a low-level, energy-based system sensitive to luminance motion and a high-level, feature tracking system that attentively tracks features defined by various attributes such as luminance, color or texture. However, many researchers also suggest the existence of dedicated low-level, energy-based motion systems sensitive to color- and/or texture-defined motion. My goal is to determine the motion systems enabling motion perception.

Using visual noise. Noise is widely used to study visual functions and it is generally assumed that the same processing strategies (i.e., mechanisms) operate whether the dominant noise source comes from the observer (internal noise) or the stimulus (external noise). However, I recently found conditions under which the processing strategy drastically changes depending on the noise source, which violates the noise-invariant processing assumption. I am now trying to determine the conditions under which the processing strategy changes.

Vision & Aging. Healthy aging alters all processing levels of the visual system, such as optics of the eye, retinal processing, early pre-attentive processing, and high-level attention-based processing. These alterations affect many visual functions such as contrast sensitivity, motion perception and visual attention. Although many effects of aging on visual functions are known, the specific functional and neurobiological factors responsible for age-related sensitivity loss in various visual functions remain unknown. I am investigating which underlying factors are responsible for age-related visual losses.

Keywords: motion perception, contrast sensitivity, noise paradigm, internal noise, aging

Biography

After completing a bachelor’s degree in computer science at the Université de Moncton, Canada, I studied texture and motion perception as a master student in vision science and a PhD student in experimental psychology at the Université de Montréal under the supervision of Jocelyn Faubert. I continued my training with a 2-year postdoc with Partrick Cavanagh at the Université Paris Descartes studying the use of visual noise to characterize visual processing. My second postdoc was at the Université de Montréal with Jocelyn Faubert, where I investigated motion perception, noise paradigms and the effect of aging on visual perception. I am now a member of the Aging in Vision and Action team (dir. A. Arleo) at the Institut de la Vision, Paris, France, where I am responsible for the research axis Aging & Visual Perception in the Chair SilverSight (ANR-Essilor).

 

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Publications

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2021

  1. Allard R, Ramanoel S, Silvestre D and Arleo A (2021) Variance-dependent neural activity in an unvoluntary averaging task. Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics, 83:1094-1105.
  2. Braham chaouche A, Rezaei M, Silvestre D, Arleo A and Allard R (2021) Functionally Assessing the Age-Related Decline in the Detection Rate of Photons by Cone Photoreceptors. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 13:870.
  3. Allard R and Arleo A (2021) The false aperture problem: Global motion perception without integration of local motion signals. Psychological Review (in press).

2020

  1. Braham chaouche A, Silvestre D, Trognon A, Arleo A and Allard R (2020) Age-related decline in motion contrast sensitivity due to lower absorption rate of cones and calculation efficiency. Scientific Reports, 10(1):16521.

2019

  1. Silvestre D, Arleo A and Allard R (2019) Healthy aging impairs photon absorption efficiency of cones. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 60:544-551.
  2. Silvestre D, Arleo A and Allard R (2019) Considerable age-related contrast sensitivity loss due to less efficient cones. In ARVO Annual Meeting 2019, Vancouver, Canada.

2018

  1. Silvestre D, Arleo A and Allard R (2018) Absorption efficiency of cones is considerably affected with heathy aging. In ECVP.
  2. Silvestre D, Arleo A and Allard R (2018) Internal noise sources limiting contrast sensitivity. Scientific Reports, 8(1):2596.

2017

  1. Allard R and Arleo A (2017) Factorizing the motion sensitivity function into equivalent input noise and calculation efficiency. Journal of Vision, 17(1):17.
  2. Allard R and Arleo A (2017) Reducing luminance intensity can improve motion perception in noise. Scientific Reports, 7:43140.
  3. Allard R and Arleo A (2017) Photopic motion sensitivity at high temporal frequencies is limited by the dark light of the eye, not quantal noise. In Vision Sciences Society.
  4. Silvestre D, Cavanagh P, Arleo A and Allard R (2017) Adding temporally localized noise can enhance the contribution of target knowledge on contrast detection. Journal of Vision, 17:1-10.
  5. Silvestre D, Arleo A and Allard R (2017) Spatiotemporal maps of quantal noise, dark light and late neural noise limiting contrast sensitivity. In Vision Sciences Society.

2016

  1. Huth J, Masquelier T, Allard R and Arleo A (2016) Modeling the Visual System with respect to Aging. In IK Interdisciplinary College.
  2. Huth J, Masquelier T, Allard R and Arleo A (2016) Using Equivalent Internal Noise as a Constraint on Vision Models. In Bernstein Conference.
  3. Jules Étienne C, Arleo A and Allard R (2016) Maximizing noise energy for noise-masking studies. Behavior Research Methods:1-13.
  4. Allard R and Arleo A (2016) Perception of global object motion without integration of local motion signals. In European Conference on Visual Perception.
  5. Allard R and Faubert J (2016) The Role of Feature Tracking in the Furrow Illusion. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 10:81.
  6. Allard R and Arleo A (2016) Position-based vs energy-based motion processing. In Vision Sciences Society meeting, St. Pete Beach, Florida, USA.
  7. Silvestre D, Arleo A and Allard R (2016) Contrast sensitivity: Measuring late internal noise across spatial frequencies. In Vision Sciences Society meeting, St. Pete Beach, Florida, USA.

2015

  1. Allard R and Arleo A (2015) The temporal efficiency function of the energy-based and feature tracking motion systems. In Vision Sciences Society meeting, St. Pete Beach, Florida, USA.
  2. Allard R, Faubert J and Pelli DG (2015) Editorial: Using visual noise to reveal the computations underlying perception. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(1707).

2014

  1. Allard R and Faubert J (2014) To characterize contrast detection, noise should be extended, not localized. Frontiers in Psychology, 5.
  2. Allard R and Faubert J (2014) Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise. Frontiers in Psychology, 5.
  3. Allard R and Faubert J (2014) No dedicated color motion system. In Vision Sciences Society.
  4. Allard R and Faubert J (2014) An expansive, cone-specific nonlinearity enabling the luminance motion system to process color-defined motion. Journal of Vision, 14(8).

2013

  1. Renaud J, Allard R, Molinatti S and Faubert J (2013) External noise paradigms, contrast sensitivity and aging. In Vision Sciences Society.
  2. Faubert J and Allard R (2013) Stereoscopy benefits processing of dynamic visual scenes by disambiguating object occlusions. In Vision Sciences Society.
  3. Allard R and Faubert J (2013) No dedicated second-order motion system in the periphery. In Vision Sciences Society.
  4. Allard R and Faubert J (2013) No second-order motion system sensitive to high temporal frequencies. Journal of Vision, 13(5).
  5. Allard R, Renaud J, Molinatti S and Faubert J (2013) Contrast sensitivity, healthy aging and noise. Vision Research, 92(0):47-52.
  6. Legault I, Allard R and Faubert J (2013) Healthy older observers show equivalent perceptual-cognitive training benefits to young adults for multiple object tracking. Frontiers in Psychology, 4:323.
  7. Allard R and Faubert J (2013) Zero-dimensional noise is not suitable for characterizing processing properties of detection mechanisms. Journal of Vision, 13(10).
  8. Allard R and Faubert J (2013) No dedicated second-order motion system. Journal of Vision, 13(11).
  9. Allard R, Lagacé-Nadon S and Faubert J (2013) Feature tracking and aging. Frontiers in Psychology, 4.
  10. Hanssens J-M, Allard R, Giraudet G and Faubert J (2013) Visually induced postural reactivity is velocity-dependent at low temporal frequencies and frequency-dependent at high temporal frequencies. Experimental brain research, 229(1):75-84.
  11. Allard R (2013) Adding external noise can trigger a change in processing strategy. In Perception, vol. 42 ECVP Abstract Supplement, pages 157.
  12. Allard R and Jocelyn F (2013) Second-order motion processed by the first-order motion system at high carrier contrasts. In Perception, vol. 42 ECVP Abstract Supplement, pages 208.

2012

  1. Allard R and Cavanagh P (2012) Different processing strategies underlie voluntary averaging in low and high noise. Journal of Vision, 12(11).
  2. Allard R and Faubert J (2012) No second-order motion system sensitive to high temporal frequencies. In Journal of Vision, vol. 12, pages 773.
  3. Hanssens JM, Giraudet G, Allard R and Faubert J (2012) Visually Induced Motion Sickness Depends on Velocity, Not Temporal Frequency. In Optometry and Vision Science, vol. 89.

2011

  1. Allard R and Cavanagh P (2011) Crowding in a detection task: external noise triggers change in processing strategy. Vision Research, 51(4):408-416.
  2. Hanssens J-M, Giraudet G, Allard R and Faubert J (2011) Modulating Somatosensory Input Makes People More Visually Dependant For Postural Control. In ARVO Meeting Abstracts, vol. 52, pages 3014.
  3. Allard R and Faubert J (2011) Color contribution to motion due to early expansive nonlinearities within the luminance pathway. In Journal of Vision, vol. 11, pages 745.
  4. Legault I, Allard R and Faubert J (2011) Trained Older Observers Are Equivalent to Untrained Young Adults for 3D Multiple-Object-Tracking Speed Thresholds. In Journal of Vision, vol. 11, pages 288.

2010

  1. Allard R and Cavanagh P (2010) Orientation uncertainty reveals different detection strategies in noise. In Journal of Vision, vol. 10, pages 1371.
  2. Nguyen-Tri D, Allard R and Faubert J (2010) No impact of luminance noise on chromatic motion perception. In Journal of Vision, vol. 10, pages 820.
  3. Allard R, Renaud J and Faubert J (2010) No cross-frequency facilitation for older adult observers. In Optometry and Vision Science, vol. 87.
  4. Allard R and Patrick C (2010) Different processing strategies underlie mean orientation discrimination in low and high orientation variance. In Perception, vol. 39 ECVP Abstract Supplement, pages 186.

2009

  1. Lagacé-Nadon S, Allard R and Faubert J (2009) Exploring the spatiotemporal properties of fractal rotation perception. Journal of vision, 9:3.
  2. Hanssens J-M, Moulin M, Allard R and Faubert J (2009) Does Simulated Dynamic Visual Distortions From Positive and Negative Ophthalmic Lenses Generate Postural Reactivity?. In ARVO Meeting Abstracts, vol. 50, pages 3983.
  3. Allard R and Cavanagh P (2009) Detection mechanisms selective to combinations of luminance- and contrast-modulations. In Journal of Vision, vol. 9, pages 973.
  4. Hanssens J-M, Moulin M, Allard R and Faubet J (2009) The impact of aging on postural reactivity generated by simulated ophthalmic lenses distortions. In Journal of Vision, vol. 9, pages 1130.
  5. Faubert J, Giroud M, Tinjust D and Allard R (2009) Elders can be trained to process fast moving objects in complex 3D scenes as well as untrained young adults. In 19th IAGG World Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Paris, France.
  6. Allard R and Patrick C (2009) External noise reveals crowding in detection. In Perception, vol. 38 ECVP Abstract Supplement, pages 93.

2008

  1. Allard R and Faubert J (2008) The noisy-bit method for digital displays: Converting a 256 luminance resolution into a continuous resolution. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3):735-743.
  2. Allard R and Faubert J (2008) First- and second-order motion mechanisms are distinct at low but common at high temporal frequencies. Journal of Vision, 8(2):1-17.
  3. Lagacé-Nadon S, Allard R and Faubert J (2008) Exploring the spatiotemporal properties of fractal rotation. In Journal of Vision, vol. 8, pages 596.
  4. Tinjust D, Allard R and Faubert J (2008) Impact of stereoscopic vision and 3D representation of visual space on multiple object tracking performance. In Journal of Vision, vol. 8, pages 509.
  5. Allard R and Faubert J (2008) Common first- and second-order motion processing at high temporal frequencies. In Journal of Vision, vol. 8, pages 18.
  6. Hanssens JM, Giraudet G, Allard R and Faubert J (2008) Do central and peripheral visual fields play a role in postural control?. In Optometry and Vision Science, vol. 85.

2007

  1. Allard R and Faubert J (2007) Double dissociation between first- and second-order processing. Vision Research, 47(9):1129-1141.
  2. Legault I, Allard R and Faubert J (2007) Normal aging and the perception of curvature shapes. Optometry & Vision Science, 84(12):1087-1092.
  3. Allard R and Faubert J (2007) First- and second-order motion processing are separate at low temporal frequencies but common at high temporal frequencies. In Journal of Vision, vol. 7, pages 1006.
  4. Hanssens J-m, Allard R and Faubert J (2007) Progressive lenses distortions effect on postural stability in virtual reality environment. In Journal of Vision, vol. 7, pages 1026.
  5. Legault I, Allard R and Faubert J (2007) Adaptation to circular patterns influences the perception of distorted squares. In Journal of Vision, vol. 7, pages 273.
  6. Allard R and Faubert J (2007) Bypassing ocular aging deficits to assess perceptual functions. In Optometry and Vision Science, vol. 84.

2006

  1. Allard R and Faubert J (2006) Same calculation efficiency but different internal noise for luminance- and contrast-modulated stimuli detection. Journal of Vision, 6(4):322-334.
  2. Allard R and Faubert J (2006) Contrast-modulated stimuli detection is unaffected by luminance-modulated noise. In Journal of Vision, vol. 6, pages 378.
  3. Legault I, Allard R and Faubert J (2006) Curvature perception in aging. In Journal of Vision, vol. 6, pages 197.
  4. Allard R, Carcenac G and Faubert J (2006) Aging and the sensitivity loss to complex stimuli. In Optometry and Vision Science, vol. 83.

2005

  1. Allard R, Créach O and Faubert J (2005) Different internal noise but same calculation efficiency for processing luminance-modulated (LM) and contrast-modulated (CM) stimuli. In Journal of Vision, vol. 5, pages 483.
  2. Faubert J, Allard R and Hanssens J-M (2005) Effect of visual sway on postural balance in a full immersive environment. In Journal of Vision, vol. 5, pages 320.
  3. Legault I, Allard R and Faubert J (2005) Detecting curvature in first and second-order periodic line stimuli. In Journal of Vision, vol. 5, pages 464.
  4. Renaud J, Allard R, Yelle B, Yelle V and Faubert J (2005) Different presbyopic contact lenses for different needs. In Optometry and Vision Science, vol. 82.

2004

  1. Allard R and Faubert J (2004) Neural networks: different problems require different learning rate adaptive methods. In Dougherty, Edward R. and Astola, Jaakko T. and Egiazarian, Karen O., editors, Image Processing: Algorithms and Systems III, pages 516-527, SPIE Proceedings Vol. 5298.
  2. Faubert J and Allard R (2004) Effect of visual distortion on postural balance in a full immersion stereoscopic environment. In Woods, Andrew J. and Merrit, John O. and Benton, Stephen A. and Bolas, Mark T., editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XI, pages 491-500, SPIE Proceedings Vol. 5291.
  3. Allard R and Faubert J (2004) Simulating the effect of age-related neurobiological alterations (NBAs) on a first- and second-order orientation-identification task. In Journal of Vision, vol. 4, pages 751.
  4. Allard R and Jocelyn F (2004) Simulating the effect of age-related neurobiological alterations on a visuo-perceptual task. In Perception, vol. 2004 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2004, pages Program No. 549.10.